«The arab world is the woman. The woman is the arab world problem». Two sentences that summarize the question analyzed in this work, at the intersection of sociology and anthropology, by one of the most important Moroccan intellectuals. The work of Rita El Khayat is an actualizing reading of the conditions of women in the Arab world, considered from the historical, psychological, anthropological and cultural point of view, and the formulation of perspectives regarding their situation in the future.